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The Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB) maintains a list of goods and their source countries which it has reason to believe are produced by child labor or forced labor in violation of international standards, as required under the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA) of 2005 and subsequent reauthorizations. The families receive little payment if any, and lodging and food expenses are deducted from their paychecks. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. Children are involved in the harvesting season from August until January each year, alongside their families. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 raise poultry in Paraguay. According to a university study and the ILO, some children are trafficked in groups of 25 to 50, and an estimated 2,000 children have been forced to work in rice fields in Mali. Of the estimated 278,884 child laborers who grow rice, 13.6 percent are 5-11 years old, 19.3 percent are 12-14 years old, and 67.1 percent are 15-17 years old. p.usa-alert__text {margin-bottom:0!important;} There are reports that children, as young as age 8, are engaged in the harvesting of aa berries in Brazil. China produces more than 80 percent of the global markets products made from hair and is the worlds largest exporter of these products. .usa-footer .container {max-width:1440px!important;} This work prevents children from attending school. According to media reports and interviews, childrens inhalation of mica dust has contributed to respiratory health issues. Many companies have challenged their inclusion in these reports, while others say they have taken steps in recent years to improve their supply chains. In 2020, solar cells and modules imported from China accounted for over $24 billion. According to the Government of El Salvadors Multi-Purpose Household Survey of 2015, a working child is considered to be engaged in hazardous child labor if the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. There are reports that thousands of adult ethnic minority workers are forcibly employed in factories producing hair products such as wigs. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report identified Victoria's Secret among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. In order to ensure the proper implementation of its CSR policies, BYD regularly conducts labor audits of suppliers in accordance with the BYD Company Audit Management Rules. Data from the 2016 ENAHO, which included a child labor module, is expected to be released in early 2017. Some children are lured by traffickers with false promises about working conditions or terms. Nearly three-quarters of child laborers involved in this activity are boys. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 raise sheep in Paraguay. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow onions in Paraguay. Because the debts are sometimes inherited, many children are born into the bonded labor. "We are deeply troubled by the reports of forced labor in and from Xinjiang. Migrant workers and individuals from scheduled castes, a socially disadvantaged group in India, are especially vulnerable to forced labor in sandstone quarries. The workers are currently . There is evidence that children under the age of 14 produce baked goods in Pakistan. The children work on 12 or 17 month contracts and are prohibited from leaving to return home until the end of the contract. The Government, NGOs, media, and the ILO indicate that some children are forcibly recruited by non-state armed groups, such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, the National Liberation Army, and criminal groups to pick coca. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report identified Zara among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. Some children receive threats regarding exams, grades, and even expulsion from school for refusal to work. Children are often forced to work long hours and overtime, and are paid little, if at all. Brick workers, including children, are forced to work without masks, goggles, gloves, shoes, or other safety equipment. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report identified Ralph Lauren among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. The survey indicates that more boys than girls are engaged in child labor in sheep raising. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. The survey considers a child to be engaged in child labor if the child is working an excessive number of hours per week for his or her age, or if the child is engaged in work that is prohibited for underage employees according to national legislation. According to government raids and an NGO report, between 125,000 and 210,000 children are working in Delhi embroidery workshops, and approximately 100,000 are working in zari embroidery and other textile embellishment workshops in Mumbai and elsewhere. The majority of these workers are recruited overseas, mostly from Indonesia and the Philippines, by agencies, There are reports that children ages 8 to 17 produce, Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA), Identifying Goods Produced with Inputs Produced with Forced Labor or Child Labor (Webpage), Executive Order 13126 List of Products Produced by Forced or Indentured Child Labor, Against Their Will: The Situation in Xinjiang, Inputs Produced with Child Labor, Inputs Produced with Forced Labor. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 in Vietnam manufacture footwear. According to estimates, over one hundred thousand Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps, in addition to workers who may also experience coercion without detention. In mined or quarried goods, gold, coal and diamonds are most common. BYD is an industry leader in corporate responsibility and enforces rigorous oversight of its entire supply chain. This practice is especially common in eastern Uganda and in the northeastern Karamoja region, where children typically work alongside family members. Based on an analysis of the Ghana Living Standards Survey, an estimated 10,049 child laborers are involved in the raising of bovines. Abercrombie & Fitch, Acer Adidas Alstom BAIC Motor BMW Bombardier Bosch BYD Calvin Klein Candy Carter's Cerruti 1881 Changan Automobile Cisco CRRC Electrolux Fila, Founder Group GAC Group (automobiles) Gap Geely Auto General Motors Goertek The 2020 Congressional-Executive Commission on China report named Tommy Hilfiger among the companies suspected of having ties to forced labor in Xinjiang. "Compliance with human rights, labor rights and environmental standards is a top priority at PUMA and has been specified in our Codes of Conduct for over 20 years. and its Subsidiaries. There are reports that children as young as age 7 mine gold in Uganda. More broadly, according to varied estimates, at least 100,000 to hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities are being subjected to forced labor in China following detention in re-education camps. CBP Issues Region-Wide Withhold Release Order on Products Made by Slave Labor in Xinjiang, CBP Issues Withhold Release Order on Seafood Harvested with Forced Labor by Lien Yi Hsing No. Some children are forced to work under threat of physical violence. In a report issued in March, the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, a bipartisan group of lawmakers, listed Nike and Coca-Cola as companies suspected of ties to forced labor in. Withhold Release Orders and Findings List There are reports that children ages 5 to 17 are engaged in collecting mica from abandoned mines, primarily in illegal mining operations in India. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Brazils commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. The children are abducted when rival tribes or ethnic groups enter communities to steal cattle, as well as during other inter-ethnic or inter-tribal disputes; some of these children are enslaved to herd cattle. Children of the lower castes, socially disadvantaged classes in India, are particularly vulnerable. China has 98 percent of the world's manufacturing capacity for photovoltaic ingots; 97 percent for photovoltaic wafers; 81 percent for solar cells; and 77 percent for solar modules, all of which are made with polysilicon. These forcibly-recruited children do not have freedom of movement and do not receive payment for their work. They are punished with physical abuse. Childrens engagement in cattle herding is endemic across Kenya, particularly in the arid northern regions of the country, including Busia, Kajiado, and Marsabit Counties, and in Migori County in Western Kenya. We have full confidence in our due diligence and supply chain mapping process, which maps down to the cotton bale level, to state that none of our products are made with Chinese cotton or use forced labor.". The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. Based on estimates from the Uzbek-German Forum, a majority of the over 45,000 farmers in Uzbekistan who produce silk cocoons each year do not have the freedom to refuse this work; they are compelled to perform it by government officials. Both men and women are exploited for forced labor in informal brick factories in the Northern Caucasus region of Dagestan; however, victims are primarily male job-seekers recruited in Moscow. Children of the Yi ethnic minority in Liangshan prefecture of Sichuan are particularly vulnerable. Workers can be placed at factories within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where the camps are located, or be transferred out of Xinjiang to factories in eastern China. These children are often subject to various forms of physical abuse while they are exploited in this form of forced labor. The trafficked children are often sold to recruiters, and the parents and children are deceived with false promises about the wages and opportunities for education while working. These children reportedly work in Busia, Homa Bay, Kilifi, Kitui, Machakos, and Nakuru counties. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Pakistans commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgment that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. 117-78), also known as the UFLPA, directs the Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force to develop a strategy for supporting enforcement of the prohibition on the importation of goods into the United States manufactured wholly or in part with forced labor in the People's Republic of China, especially from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region . This is detailed on our company websiteand includes an annual assessment of risk and follow-up. Children are involved in the harvesting season from August until January each year, alongside their families. Children from Cross River and Akwa Ibom states in southeastern Nigeria are particularly vulnerable. The survey estimates that 301,827 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous work in rural areas of Paraguay and indicates that children working in agriculture experience accidents and illnesses, including from using dangerous tools and handling chemicals. FACT SHEET: New U.S. Government Actions on Forced Labor in CBP Modifies Forced Labor Finding on Sime Darby Plantation Berhad. Of the 24,377 child laborers engaged in the production of furniture, 13,670 children worked in furniture production for more than 42 hours per week. Some farmers buy the children and refuse to let them leave the farm until the debt of their purchase has been worked off. "In 2019, we took immediate action to evaluate our factory database and confirmed that no production of our finished goods occur in the XUAR. These children are primarily found in granite quarries located in Pissy and Yagma, on the outskirts of the capital, Ouagadougou. September 4, 2019. Cottonseed production, and cottonseed farms with bonded child laborers, are reported to be concentrated in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Evidence of child labor has been found in Batouri and Kambele, near the border with the Central African Republic. Some children work to pay off advance payments for their labor made by the employer to the recruiter or their families. The survey indicates that more boys than girls are engaged in child labor producing peanuts. Forced labor predominately occurs among migrant laborers from Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, and Nepal working in more than 100 rubber glove factories throughout Malaysia. The ILO has found that generally children who work in agriculture may be at risk of exposure to hazards including, working long hours, carrying heavy loads, using dangerous tools, and exposure to the elements, physical injuries, and chemicals, such as pesticides. A number of workers also report fear of punishment for complaining about the poor conditions, or for speaking to outside sources about their work and living conditions. Based on the most recently available estimate from Tulane University, over 4,000 children work in conditions of forced labor in the production of cocoa in Cte d'Ivoire. Study: Nike, Apple, BMW Among 83 Brands Using Uyghur Slave Labor The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report also identified Tommy Hilfiger among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. The survey considers a child to be engaged in child labor if the child is working an excessive number of hours per week for his or her age, or if the child is engaged in work that is prohibited for underage employees according to national legislation. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report identified Uniqlo among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. According to the most recently available estimates, between 40,000 and 1 million students are mobilized annually for the harvest, beginning as early as the third grade. The factories are spread across the Kathmandu Valley and are concentrated in Thankot. The forced laborers are not paid for their work. Approximately 24 million people trafficked for labor are in bondage, working in an industry in which they receive little to no pay. The most recently available information from government raids, NGOs and media reports indicates that groups of children are found in small privately-owned factories and informal workshops. In addition, 38,753 of the total number of child laborers working in fishing were involved in work that could be considered hazardous according to national legislation. This doesnt happen in real life, right? The survey estimates that 301,827 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous work in rural areas of Paraguay and indicates that children working in agriculture experience accidents and illnesses, including from using dangerous tools and handling chemicals. Reports estimate over 9.3 percent of brick workers are children. The hospitality industry is yet another environment where individuals are exploited. Both boys and girls work long hours in the hot sun carrying heavy loads and are exposed to mica and sand dust throughout the production process. There are reports that children are forced by the military to work in the production of bricks in Burma. Submissions will continue to be taken into account as ILAB works to release periodic updates to the List. The survey indicates that more boys than girls are engaged in child labor producing sesame. Some analysts said the move on Thursday could be a prelude to further . These children are forced to sew garments under threat of physical or other punishments and without pay. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report identified L.L.Bean among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. According to media outlets, NGOs, and government officials, some children from Bolivia are victims of deceptive recruitment and trafficking with false promises of decent working conditions and fair wages. Forced labor occurs when individuals are compelled against their will to provide work or service through the use of force, fraud, or coercion. The ILO has found that generally, children who care for farm animals may be at risk of exposure to potential health consequences, including injuries from kicks and infections from animal bites and exposure to harmful bacteria. According to international organizations, NGOs, and the U.S. Department of State, many children are forced to work, often with their families, under conditions of bonded labor. Based on an analysis of the survey, an estimated 2,936 child laborers cultivate bananas. About 42.9 percent, or 2,595, of these child laborers are under 15 years old, which is the minimum age for employment in Vietnam. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. Similarly, a survey of local residents and interviews with community stakeholders in Magarini determined that sand harvesting was a leading form of child labor for boys. An official website of the United States government. There are reports of children working under conditions of forced labor to produce bricks in India's kilns. Some children state that teachers withhold wages for tuition and management fees. Long hours in the sun with minimal protection can result in persistent health concerns including eye infections, skin irritation and diseases, and respiratory illnesses. Children face additional health risks during the processing stage when they handle mercury, a highly toxic substance, using it to extract gold from ore. Crushing ore to extract gold exposes children to lead-contaminated dust. Many cases of forced labor exist within the agricultural industry, domestic work, factories, clubs, and hospitality arenas. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. Sometimes identity papers and wages are withheld as a means to restrict freedom of movement. According to the survey, almost 13 percent of Paraguayan children engaged in child labor in agriculture do not attend school. There is evidence that children ages 14 to 17 cultivate sugarcane in Brazil. Bricks. There are reports that children as young as 9 produce footwear in Turkey. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report also identified Patagonia among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. The shoemaker was also among the companies suspected of using forced labor in the 2020 Congressional-Executive Commission on China report. Many workers in the sector are isolated in remote, prison-like logging camps in the far east of the country. There are reports that mostly girls as young as 11 are forced to produce garments in Thailand. This research suggests that further downstream products containing lithium-ion batteries may be produced with an input produced with child labor, such as electric cars, laptops, and cell phones. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Mexicos commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgment that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. Workers experience non-payment and under payment of wages and withholding of benefits, as well as threats of the same. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow peanuts in Paraguay. CBP encourages stakeholders in the trade community to closely examine their supply chains to ensure goods imported into the United States are not mined, produced or manufactured, wholly or in part, with prohibited forms of labor, i.e., slave, convict, indentured, forced or indentured child labor. Regarding the XUAR, Bosch does not mine, produce or manufacture products in that region. There is evidence that children under the age of 14 work in the production of furniture in Pakistan. There are reports that children ages 6-17 are forced to produce cotton in Benin.